Bitnodes estimates the relative size of the Bitcoin peer-to-peer network by finding all of its reachable nodes.


ASN HEALTH

This page reports network health data for reachable ASNs, which are ASNs that have at least one reachable IPv4/IPv6 Bitcoin node. Data points are collected whenever a new network snapshot is available, which occurs approximately every 10 minutes. BGP alerts are promptly displayed within 10 seconds of detection and will be automatically cleared after 1 hour if they are not persistent.

Each autonomous system (AS) is associated with a unique autonomous system number (ASN) and consists of a group of IP prefixes that fall under the control of a single administrative entity, such as an Internet Service Provider (ISP). ASNs are crucial for determining the most efficient routes for network traffic using Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), which enables the Internet to operate as a global, interconnected network.

A diverse range of ASNs is essential for the Bitcoin peer-to-peer network to maintain its decentralized nature, a key characteristic that sets it apart from traditional financial systems. This diversity also enhances the network's resiliency against potential threats, making it more difficult for bad actors to disrupt the network by targeting a single point of weakness.

Page is updated automatically on new snapshot. Time since last snapshot: 0s


NODESCOUNTRY
UPTIME 50%LATENCY 50%
FULL NODESPRUNED NODES
IPV4 NODESIPV6 NODES
IPV4 ROA %IPV6 ROA %
AS6939 ADJACENT PEERSKochi Systems Co., Ltd. (AS23614), ORACLE-BMC-31898 (AS31898), USINTERNET (AS10242), Verein zur Foerderung eines Deutschen Forschungsnetzes e.V. (AS680), Fiber Operator B.V. (AS207375), MEVSPACE sp. z o.o. (AS201814), DDFR IT Infra & Security B.V. (AS35467), Magyar Telekom plc. (AS5483), LIWEST Kabelmedien GmbH (AS12605), FORT-COLLINS-CONNEXION (AS397142), Datacamp Limited (AS60068), JSC RTComm.RU (AS8342), ATT-INTERNET4 (AS7018), Probe Networks (AS29686), Wind Tre S.p.A. (AS1267), Telekom Slovenije, d.d. (AS5603), FRONTIER-FRTR (AS5650), Nos Comunicacoes, S.A. (AS2860), CABLE-NET-1 (AS6128), EMPIRE-40545 (AS40545), FASTER CZ spol. s r.o. (AS24641), JOESDATACENTER (AS19969), CSSBB (AS14978), Etlgr LLC (AS212947), ASN-QUADRANET-GLOBAL (AS8100), Adamo Telecom Iberia S.A. (AS35699), PRECISION-DATA-SOLUTIONS (AS11142), WOW-INTERNET (AS12083), Shinjiru Technology Sdn Bhd (AS45839), CASABLANCA INT a.s. (AS15685), TERASWITCH (AS20326), Triple T Broadband Public Company Limited (AS45758), Hong Kong Broadband Network Ltd. (AS9269), Bahnhof AB (AS8473), dataforest GmbH (AS58212), AS-WAVE-1 (AS11404), AS-WHOLESAIL (AS20055), toob limited (AS60377), XMISSION (AS6315), ASN-CXA-ALL-CCI-22773-RDC (AS22773), Sunrise GmbH (AS6730), CORESITE (AS2734), Cyprus Telecommunications Authority (AS6866), Infotech Ltd. (AS42765), OVH SAS (AS16276), Aktsiaselts WaveCom (AS34702), Salt Mobile SA (AS15796), DELTA Fiber Nederland B.V. (AS15435), TOKAI Communications Corporation (AS10010), NetAssist LLC (AS8772), TELUS Communications (AS852), DB3 SERVICOS DE TELECOMUNICACOES S.A (AS28598), FUSE-NET (AS6181), NetCom BW GmbH (AS41998), HUNTER-COMM (AS36012), NWI (AS13370), Tieteen tietotekniikan keskus Oy (AS1741), 24SHELLS (AS55081), ESCOM Ltd. - Haskovo (AS25374), TEKSAVVY (AS5645), CETIN a.s. (AS28725), TNNet Oy (AS30798), Serverel Inc. (AS50245), Nej.cz s.r.o. (AS31246), TIME dotCom Berhad No. 14, Jalan Majistret U126 Hicom Glenmarie Industrial Park 40150 Shah Al (AS9930), Bulsatcom EOOD (AS43205), EOLO S.p.A. (AS35612), Akamai Connected Cloud (AS63949), Binariang Berhad (AS9534), Two Degrees Networks Limited (AS9790), WorldStream B.V. (AS49981), Host Europe GmbH (AS20773), Fastcom Broadband Limited (AS39449), Zdruzenie pouzivatelov Slovenskej akademickej datovej siete (AS2607), LG DACOM Corporation (AS3786), Fonira Telekom GmbH (AS51184), ISPpro Internet KG (AS35366), JMF-NETWORKS (AS40805), Eir Broadband (AS5466), WINDSTREAM (AS7029), Korea Telecom (AS4766), Orange Espagne SA (AS12479), Telemach UG d.o.o. (AS3212), Three Fourteen SASU (AS42275), WIA spol. s.r.o. (AS21430), NTT PC Communications, Inc. (AS2514), Telenet BV (AS6848), Odido Netherlands B.V. (AS50266), Verdina Ltd. (AS201133), Virtual Systems LLC (AS30860), Datasource AG (AS51395), 3W Infra B.V. (AS60144), Hostinger International Limited (AS47583), T-MOBILE-AS21928 (AS21928), COGECOWAVE (AS7992), Vectra S.A. (AS29314), PrJSC VF UKRAINE (AS21497), Baltcom SIA (AS20910), Iberwix Telecom S.l. (AS203936), Mass Response Service GmbH (AS51265), Individual Network Berlin (IN-Berlin) e.V. (AS29670), NSS S.A. (AS16814), Visual Online S.A. (AS9008), UNINET (AS8151), WWZ Telekom AG (AS8821), TerraHost AS (AS56655), AS-CHOOPA (AS20473), TELEPAK-NETWORKS-INC (AS11272), AS INFONET (AS8728), ADISTA SAS (AS16347), Vodafone Spain (AS12430), kabelplus GmbH (AS8339), Industrial Media Network LLC (AS25521), Kcom Group Limited (AS12390), SH.cz s.r.o. (AS39392), velia.net Internetdienste GmbH (AS29066), Sony Network Communications Inc. (AS2527), Andorra Telecom, S.a.u. (AS6752), JSC IOT (AS29182), DISTRIBUTEL-AS11814 (AS11814), HKT Limited (AS4760), Deutsche Glasfaser Wholesale GmbH (AS60294), IS-AS-1 (AS19318), Norlys Digital A/S (AS39642), Aixit GmbH (AS29551), REDOUBT-NET (AS400304), ecotel communication ag (AS12312), xTom Pty Ltd (AS3258), Hrvatski Telekom d.d. (AS5391), TETA s.r.o. (AS50698), CANET-ASN-4 (AS855), Tele2 SWIPnet (AS1257), RCN-AS (AS6079), Enreach Netherlands B.V. (AS39647), Limited Liability Company KYIVSKI TELEKOMUNIKATSIYNI MEREZHI (AS25229), MARK-TWAIN (AS10750), AS-GLOBALTELEHOST (AS62563), DIGITALOCEAN-ASN (AS14061), Nova Telecommunications & Media Single Member S.A (AS1241), LEVEL3 (AS3356), Turk Telekom (AS9121), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS213230), Dimensione S.r.l. (AS202870), M247 Europe SRL (AS9009), Dragon Internet a.s. (AS15614), CNSERVERS (AS40065), Chinanet (AS4134), CERTTO TELECOMUNICACOES LTDA EPP. (AS28130), UUNET (AS701), GTT Communications Inc. (AS3257), Hero-Telecoms (AS328471), RADIOKOMUNIKACE a.s. (AS25248), Telekom Austria (AS8447), Revolution Provider Srl (AS41720), MULTA-ASN1 (AS35916), Infinity Developments Limited (AS12496), TELEFONICA CHILE S.A. (AS7418), LATITUDE-SH (AS396356), i3D.net B.V (AS49544), Data Communication Business Group (AS3462), Wifx Sarl (AS199811), SOLLUTIUM EU Sp z.o.o. (AS43641), IQWeb FZ-LLC (AS59692), Proton AG (AS62371), Clouvider Limited (AS62240), TalkTalk (AS13285), Orange Romania Communication S.A (AS9050), SG.GS (AS24482), Sure (Guernsey) Limited (AS8680), Teleradiocompany Discovery Ltd. (AS47702), TELEKOM SRBIJA a.d. (AS8400), AboveNet Communications Taiwan (AS17408), Thueringer Netkom GmbH (AS199284), SonderCloud Limited (AS133199), UltraNET Ltd (AS39184), IONOS SE (AS8560), T-Mobile Austria GmbH (AS8412), T-2, d.o.o. (AS34779), FEELB SARL (AS207992), Bezeq- THE ISRAEL TELECOMMUNICATION CORP. LTD. (AS6810), Connect plus s.r.o. (AS48602), Belcloud LTD (AS44901), AS-CMN (AS30600), GANDI SAS (AS29169), WII (AS32097), INVERSIONES GRAJEDA ANDRADE S.A (AS265684), HIVE-DATA-CENTER (AS33185), Information and Communication Technologies LLC (AS35539), CYBERCON (AS7393), Republican Unitary Telecommunication Enterprise Beltelecom (AS6697), Tiscali SpA (AS8612), NForce Entertainment B.V. (AS43350), Vodafone GmbH (AS3209), INEA sp. z o.o. (AS13110), PACKET (AS54825), A1 Slovenija telekomunikacijske storitve,d.d. (AS21283), PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (AS7713), Tencent Building, Kejizhongyi Avenue (AS132203), Aricoma Systems a.s. (AS201730), GOOGLE (AS15169), KPN B.V. (AS1136), wilhelm.tel GmbH (AS15943), Vivacom Bulgaria EAD (AS8866), ServerHouse Ltd (AS21472), Coolhousing s.r.o. (AS35592), NETACTUATE (AS36236), Fastweb (AS12874), Bluewin (AS3303), DIGI Tavkozlesi es Szolgaltato Kft. (AS20845), Contabo Asia Private Limited (AS141995), Viettel Group (AS7552), SoftBank Corp. (AS17676), Andrews & Arnold Ltd (AS20712), Emirates Telecommunications Group Company (etisalat Group) Pjsc (AS8966), Lanet Network Ltd (AS39608), Giganet Internet Szolgaltato Kft (AS42864), Federal State Institution Federal Scientific Research Institute for System Analysis of the Ru (AS3267), STARNET, s.r.o. (AS44489), CESNET z.s.p.o. (AS2852), 31173 Services AB (AS39351), AS-ADN (AS23367), Iway AG (AS8758), Iskratelecom CJSC (AS29124), M-net Telekommunikations GmbH (AS8767), CHINA UNICOM China169 Backbone (AS4837), ANTIK Telecom s.r.o (AS42841), Orange Slovensko a.s. (AS15962), Medianet Invest Ae (AS200736), Administracion Nacional de Telecomunicaciones (AS6057), MEDIACOM-ENTERPRISE-BUSINESS (AS30036), FPT Telecom Company (AS18403), RELIABLESITE (AS23470), ISOMEDIA-1 (AS18530), firstcolo GmbH (AS44066), Superloop (AS38195), HVC-AS (AS29802), Net4You Internet GmbH (AS6798), TERAEXCH (AS399077), Vodafone Portugal - Communicacoes Pessoais S.A. (AS12353), Procono S.A. (AS34977), Hydra Communications Ltd (AS25369), CABLEONE (AS11492), Ehinet Srl (AS43989), Alibaba US Technology Co., Ltd. (AS45102), AS-SONICTELECOM (AS46375), green.ch AG (AS1836), Xtra Telecom S.A. (AS15704), TM TECHNOLOGY SERVICES SDN. BHD. (AS4788), Lounea Palvelut Oy (AS39699), EQUINIX-EC-NY (AS27566), TOTAL PLAY TELECOMUNICACIONES SA DE CV (AS17072), SASKTEL (AS803), VNET a.s. (AS29405), Orange Belgium SA (AS47377), SOPRADO GmbH (AS20546), WEBNX (AS18450), IOFLOOD (AS53755), Mercury NZ Limited (AS55850), ITSOFT LLC (AS48614), Scaleway S.a.s. (AS12876), METAPEER-INC (AS13331), MOACK.Co.LTD (AS138195), Croatian Academic and Research Network (AS2108), Init7 (Switzerland) Ltd. (AS13030), WIZ K.K. (AS54415), ACS-INTERNET (AS27364), Contabo GmbH (AS51167), Hohl IT e.U. (AS40994), Inovare-Prim SRL (AS60602), One New Zealand Group Limited (AS9500), OFF-CAMPUS-TELECOMMUNICATIONS (AS29933), CHARTER-20115 (AS20115), AMANAHA-NEW (AS32489), PVDataNet AB (AS42201), JCOM Co., Ltd. (AS9824), State Enterprise Scientific and Telecommunication Centre Ukrainian Academic and Research Netw (AS3255), SHAW (AS6327), MTS PJSC (AS8359), Liberty Global B.V. (AS6830), HAWAIIAN-TELCOM (AS36149), Mammoth Media Pty Ltd (AS133159), Networx-Bulgaria Ltd. (AS34569), Hybula B.V. (AS35133), TURNKEY-INTERNET (AS40244), Three (AS206067), PC Astra-net (AS49824), SWAN, a.s. (AS5578), M.NET STUDENKA s. r. o. (AS197197), Content Delivery Network Ltd (AS13188), TWC-10796-MIDWEST (AS10796), AS-PTD (AS3737), ROGERS-COMMUNICATIONS (AS812), ALGAR TELECOM SA (AS16735), CANACA-210 (AS33139), V tal (AS7738), Serverd SAS (AS62000), Jsc Balticom (AS24651), Societe Francaise Du Radiotelephone - SFR SA (AS15557), Aeza International Ltd (AS210644), Webby Tecnologia Ltda (AS262493), Vodafone Czech Republic a.s. (AS16019), oneCorp GmbH (AS204035), Association Gitoyen (AS20766), MaxiTEL Telecom B.V. (AS61349), TimeWeb Ltd. (AS9123), EBOX (AS1403), myLoc managed IT AG (AS24961), VNPT Corp (AS45899), PJSC MegaFon (AS12714), Aussie Broadband (AS4764), Quantcom, a.s. (AS29208), Keyweb AG (AS31103), InterneXt 2000, s.r.o. (AS25424), Neterra Ltd. (AS34224), Kaopu Cloud HK Limited (AS138915), Doyle (North West) Ltd. (AS207586), CLDIN B.V. (AS48635), BEN-LOMAND-TEL (AS21766), HUAWEI CLOUDS (AS136907), SPACEX-STARLINK (AS14593), Llhost Inc. Srl (AS35277), CIPHERKEY (AS25668), PONYNET (AS53667), EASTLINK-HSI (AS11260), VTR BANDA ANCHA S.A. (AS22047), Hostopia Australia Web Pty Ltd (AS55803), COMCAST-7922 (AS7922), O2 Czech Republic, a.s. (AS5610), NEXEON (AS20278), Quickline AG (AS15600), Hutchison Drei Austria GmbH (AS25255), Aruba S.p.A. (AS31034), UK Dedicated Servers Limited (AS42831), Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company PJSC (AS15802), SAKURA Internet Inc. (AS9370), Blix Solutions AS (AS50304), KeFF Networks Ltd (AS41281), VIDEOTRON (AS5769), FLYNET SRL (AS207054), UNITED-BROADBAND (AS1448), AMAZON-02 (AS16509), 1&1 Versatel Deutschland GmbH (AS8881), Deutsche Telekom AG (AS3320), UCLOUD INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY HK LIMITED (AS135377), Hostkey B.v. (AS57043), DATABANK-DFW (AS13767), GCI (AS8047), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS212317), SHARKTECH (AS46844), Telia Cygate Oy (AS29422), Slovak Telekom, a.s. (AS6855), Sat-Trakt D.O.O. (AS41897), Bredband2 AB (AS29518), POST Luxembourg (AS6661), Akenes SA (AS61098), UAB Cherry Servers (AS16125), AS-GLOBALTELEHOST (AS63023), TPG Telecom Limited (AS7545), GTCOMM (AS36666), RCS & RDS (AS8708), Virtual Systems LLC (AS6698), Spitfire Network Services Limited (AS16082), Atomdata Jsc (AS199860), Vodafone Hungary Ltd. (AS21334), TDS-AS (AS4181), VSE NET GmbH (AS9063), Arroba Banda Larga (AS264025), HGC Global Communications Limited (AS9304), Telia Lietuva, AB (AS8764), Rostelecom (AS12389), Cloudsigma Ag (AS50837), Nej.cz s.r.o. (AS16246), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS24940), JasTel Network International Gateway (AS45629), M1 NET LTD (AS17547), HRTC (AS11525), Verasel, Inc. (AS200195), Privex Inc. (AS210083), Melbikomas UAB (AS56630), LIMESTONENETWORKS (AS46475), HBCI-1999TA (AS14828), Serverius Holding B.V. (AS50673), MobileOne Ltd. MobileInternet Service Provider Singapore (AS4773), Mynet S.r.l. (AS31263), CLOUDSINGULARITY (AS394256), Vodafone Italia S.p.A. (AS30722), MICROSOFT-CORP-MSN-AS-BLOCK (AS8075), SK Broadband Co Ltd (AS9318), Trabia SRL (AS43289), BTNETWORK (AS33604), BACOM (AS577), SmarTone Mobile Communications Ltd (AS17924), Master Internet s.r.o. (AS24971), Varna Net Ltd. (AS20665), Nova Telecommunications & Media Single Member S.A (AS25472), KDDI CORPORATION (AS2516), UAB Cherry Servers (AS204770), AIRNET s.r.o. (AS201603), GOOGLE-FIBER (AS16591), AS-TING-BACKBONE (AS32133), Zen Internet Ltd (AS13037), MIDCO-NET (AS11232), Latitude.sh LTDA (AS262287), UpCloud Ltd (AS202053), WEDOS Internet, a.s. (AS197019), 1GSERVERS (AS14315), CLOUDFLARENET (AS13335), AXCELX-NET (AS33083), OOO Network of data-centers Selectel (AS49505), MivoCloud SRL (AS39798), Bouygues Telecom SA (AS5410), Open Infra ISP Production International AB (AS206774), FreeTel, s.r.o. (AS8251), IMONC (AS393238)

TERMINOLOGY

Reachable ASNASN that contains at least 1 reachable Bitcoin node.
Latency 50%50th percentile (median) ping message round-trip time in milliseconds.
Uptime 50%50th percentile (median) uptime in hours from persistent connections.
Block 50%50th percentile (median) latest block inv propagation time in milliseconds.
Height 50%50th percentile (median) block height delta from consensus height.
IPv4 ROA %Percentage of IPv4 nodes covered by ROA (Route Origin Authorization) IPv4 prefixes for the ASN.
IPv6 ROA %Percentage of IPv6 nodes covered by ROA (Route Origin Authorization) IPv6 prefixes for the ASN.
Adjacent peersAdjacent peering ASNs that contain at least 1 reachable Bitcoin node.
BGP alertThis ASN is originating an IP prefix owned by another ASN during the past hour.
BGP alertAnother ASN is originating an IP prefix owned by this ASN during the past hour.


BGP ALERT METHODOLOGY

One threat to the Bitcoin peer-to-peer network's security that is often overlooked is Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) hijacking. In a BGP hijacking attack, an attacker manipulates BGP routes to redirect traffic intended for a Bitcoin node to a malicious node under the attacker's control. This can lead to the interception and manipulation of Bitcoin block or transaction messages, potentially resulting in financial losses. Adding to this risk, Bitcoin traffic is unencrypted by default, making it susceptible to interception and manipulation by attackers who gain access to the network traffic.

BGP hijacking attacks can occur anywhere along the path between a Bitcoin node and its peers, so it is important for Bitcoin node operators to be able to monitor for any suspicious routing changes, both within their own autonomous system (AS) and in the ASes of their peers.


A BGP hijack in the operator's own AS1 (Fig. 1) could redirect traffic away from the legitimate Bitcoin node ₿1 while a hijack in the destination AS2 (Fig. 2) could redirect traffic intended for the Bitcoin node ₿2 to a malicious node under the attacker's control.

To mitigate the risk of BGP hijacking attacks, it is important to have monitoring tools in place that can detect and alert network operators to any unusual routing changes. However, existing monitoring tools may not be suitable for Bitcoin node operators as they are primarily designed for general network operations. Hence, a specialized monitoring tool, such as Bitnodes BGP alert, is necessary in surfacing possible BGP hijacking attacks affecting the Bitcoin network.

Bitnodes uses rpki-client to periodically (hourly) fetch the latest Route Origin Authorizations (ROAs) from each of the five Regional Internet Registries (RIRs), i.e. AFRINIC, APNIC, ARIN, LACNIC, RIPE, and consolidate them into a single JSON file:

{
    "metadata": {.., "buildtime": "2023-01-01T00:00:00Z", ..},
    "roas": [
        {"asn": "AS14061", "prefix": "134.209.0.0/16", "maxLength": 24},
        ..
    ]
}

All IP prefixes from the JSON file are stored in a database and treated as Validated ROA Payload (VRP) for up to 24 hours. Bitnodes uses RIPE Routing Information Service Live (RIS Live) to receive live BGP announcement messages. For each announcement message:

{
    'peer': '27.111.230.35', 'peer_asn': '133210',
    'path': [133210, 9498, 14061],
    'announcements': [{'next_hop': '27.111.228.40', 'prefixes': ['134.209.144.0/20']}], ..
}

Bitnodes queries its VRP database to validate each of the prefixes in the message:

Query outputOutcome
Prefix in the message matches a VRP record. The match can be equal or prefix being more specific with its prefix length no greater than the matching VRP's max. length.VALID
Origin AS in the message did not match the matching VRP record or prefix in the message is more specific than the matching VRP's max. length.INVALID
No matching VRPs.UNKNOWN

If the validation outcome is marked as INVALID, the reachable ASN on the origin AS end will trigger an alert labeled as BGP alert, and the reachable ASN on the VRP's AS end will trigger an alert labeled as BGP alert, for a duration of up to one hour from the time of the last INVALID validation. It is important to note that the presence of these alerts should not automatically be interpreted as indicative of a BGP hijack. They could potentially result from temporary misconfigurations or other benign causes. Additional analysis is almost always warranted, including but not limited to monitoring for anomalous changes in ping latency, block propagation time, or an increase in block height delta from consensus height.


Join the Network

Be part of the Bitcoin network by running a Bitcoin full node, e.g. Bitcoin Core.

Use this tool to check if your Bitcoin client is currently accepting incoming connections from other nodes. Port must be between 1024 and 65535.